{
  "__type": "IngestedDoc",
  "__tag": 4010,
  "_content": {
    "Notes": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [
        {
          "__type": "Paragraph",
          "__tag": 4045,
          "children": [
            {
              "__type": "Text",
              "__tag": 4046,
              "value": "The optional arguments defining the sequence of evenly spaced time points are compatible with the arguments of "
            },
            {
              "__type": "CrossRef",
              "__tag": 4002,
              "value": "numpy.linspace",
              "reference": {
                "__type": "RefInfo",
                "__tag": 4000,
                "module": "numpy",
                "version": "?",
                "kind": "module",
                "path": "numpy:linspace"
              },
              "kind": "module"
            },
            {
              "__type": "Text",
              "__tag": 4046,
              "value": "."
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "__type": "Paragraph",
          "__tag": 4045,
          "children": [
            {
              "__type": "Text",
              "__tag": 4046,
              "value": "The output ndarray shape is somewhat complicated so I explain it here. The ndim of the output could be either 1, 2, or 3. It would be 1 if you are computing the expm action on a single vector at a single time point. It would be 2 if you are computing the expm action on a vector at multiple time points, or if you are computing the expm action on a matrix at a single time point. It would be 3 if you want the action on a matrix with multiple columns at multiple time points. If multiple time points are requested, expm_A_B[0] will always be the action of the expm at the first time point, regardless of whether the action is on a vector or a matrix."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Warns": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [
        {
          "__type": "Parameters",
          "__tag": 4026,
          "children": [
            {
              "__type": "DocParam",
              "__tag": 4016,
              "name": "",
              "annotation": "UserWarning",
              "desc": [
                {
                  "__type": "Paragraph",
                  "__tag": 4045,
                  "children": [
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": "If "
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "ParamRef",
                      "__tag": 4071,
                      "name": "A"
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": " is a linear operator and "
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "InlineCode",
                      "__tag": 4051,
                      "value": "traceA=None"
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": " (default)."
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Raises": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Yields": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Methods": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Returns": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [
        {
          "__type": "Parameters",
          "__tag": 4026,
          "children": [
            {
              "__type": "DocParam",
              "__tag": 4016,
              "name": "expm_A_B",
              "annotation": "ndarray",
              "desc": [
                {
                  "__type": "Paragraph",
                  "__tag": 4045,
                  "children": [
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": "The result of the action "
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "InlineMath",
                      "__tag": 4057,
                      "value": "e^{t_k A} B"
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": "."
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Summary": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [
        {
          "__type": "Paragraph",
          "__tag": 4045,
          "children": [
            {
              "__type": "Text",
              "__tag": 4046,
              "value": "Compute the action of the matrix exponential of A on B."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Receives": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Warnings": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Attributes": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Parameters": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [
        {
          "__type": "Parameters",
          "__tag": 4026,
          "children": [
            {
              "__type": "DocParam",
              "__tag": 4016,
              "name": "A",
              "annotation": "transposable linear operator",
              "desc": [
                {
                  "__type": "Paragraph",
                  "__tag": 4045,
                  "children": [
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": "The operator whose exponential is of interest."
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "__type": "DocParam",
              "__tag": 4016,
              "name": "B",
              "annotation": "ndarray, sparse array",
              "desc": [
                {
                  "__type": "Paragraph",
                  "__tag": 4045,
                  "children": [
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": "The matrix or vector to be multiplied by the matrix exponential of A."
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "__type": "DocParam",
              "__tag": 4016,
              "name": "start",
              "annotation": "scalar, optional",
              "desc": [
                {
                  "__type": "Paragraph",
                  "__tag": 4045,
                  "children": [
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": "The starting time point of the sequence."
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "__type": "DocParam",
              "__tag": 4016,
              "name": "stop",
              "annotation": "scalar, optional",
              "desc": [
                {
                  "__type": "Paragraph",
                  "__tag": 4045,
                  "children": [
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": "The end time point of the sequence, unless "
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "ParamRef",
                      "__tag": 4071,
                      "name": "endpoint"
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": " is set to False. In that case, the sequence consists of all but the last of "
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "InlineCode",
                      "__tag": 4051,
                      "value": "num + 1"
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": " evenly spaced time points, so that "
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "ParamRef",
                      "__tag": 4071,
                      "name": "stop"
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": " is excluded. Note that the step size changes when "
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "ParamRef",
                      "__tag": 4071,
                      "name": "endpoint"
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": " is False."
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "__type": "DocParam",
              "__tag": 4016,
              "name": "num",
              "annotation": "int, optional",
              "desc": [
                {
                  "__type": "Paragraph",
                  "__tag": 4045,
                  "children": [
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": "Number of time points to use."
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "__type": "DocParam",
              "__tag": 4016,
              "name": "endpoint",
              "annotation": "bool, optional",
              "desc": [
                {
                  "__type": "Paragraph",
                  "__tag": 4045,
                  "children": [
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": "If True, "
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "ParamRef",
                      "__tag": 4071,
                      "name": "stop"
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": " is the last time point.  Otherwise, it is not included."
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "__type": "DocParam",
              "__tag": 4016,
              "name": "traceA",
              "annotation": "scalar, optional",
              "desc": [
                {
                  "__type": "Paragraph",
                  "__tag": 4045,
                  "children": [
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": "Trace of "
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "ParamRef",
                      "__tag": 4071,
                      "name": "A"
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": ". If not given the trace is estimated for linear operators, or calculated exactly for sparse matrices. It is used to precondition "
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "ParamRef",
                      "__tag": 4071,
                      "name": "A"
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": ", thus an approximate trace is acceptable. For linear operators, "
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "ParamRef",
                      "__tag": 4071,
                      "name": "traceA"
                    },
                    {
                      "__type": "Text",
                      "__tag": 4046,
                      "value": " should be provided to ensure performance as the estimation is not guaranteed to be reliable for all cases."
                    }
                  ]
                },
                {
                  "__type": "Admonition",
                  "__tag": 4056,
                  "kind": "versionadded",
                  "base_type": "neutral",
                  "children": [
                    {
                      "__type": "AdmonitionTitle",
                      "__tag": 4055,
                      "children": [
                        {
                          "__type": "Text",
                          "__tag": 4046,
                          "value": "versionadded 1.9.0"
                        }
                      ]
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Extended Summary": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    },
    "Other Parameters": {
      "__type": "Section",
      "__tag": 4015,
      "children": [],
      "title": [],
      "level": 0,
      "target": null
    }
  },
  "_ordered_sections": [
    "Summary",
    "Extended Summary",
    "Parameters",
    "Attributes",
    "Methods",
    "Returns",
    "Yields",
    "Receives",
    "Other Parameters",
    "Raises",
    "Warns",
    "Warnings",
    "Notes"
  ],
  "item_file": "build-install/usr/lib/python3.14/site-packages/scipy/sparse/linalg/_expm_multiply.py",
  "item_line": 109,
  "item_type": "function",
  "aliases": [
    "scipy.sparse.linalg.expm_multiply"
  ],
  "example_section_data": {
    "__type": "Section",
    "__tag": 4015,
    "children": [
      {
        "__type": "Code",
        "__tag": 4050,
        "value": "import numpy as np\nfrom scipy.sparse import csc_array\nfrom scipy.sparse.linalg import expm, expm_multiply\nA = csc_array([[1, 0], [0, 1]])\n",
        "execution_status": "success",
        "out": ""
      },
      {
        "__type": "Code",
        "__tag": 4050,
        "value": "A.toarray()\n",
        "execution_status": "failure",
        "out": "array([[1, 0],\n       [0, 1]])\n"
      },
      {
        "__type": "Code",
        "__tag": 4050,
        "value": "B = np.array([np.exp(-1.), np.exp(-2.)])\n",
        "execution_status": "success",
        "out": ""
      },
      {
        "__type": "Code",
        "__tag": 4050,
        "value": "B\nexpm_multiply(A, B, start=1, stop=2, num=3, endpoint=True)\nexpm(A).dot(B)                  # Verify 1st timestep\nexpm(1.5*A).dot(B)              # Verify 2nd timestep\nexpm(2*A).dot(B)                # Verify 3rd timestep\n",
        "execution_status": "failure",
        "out": "array([2.71828, 1.     ])\n"
      }
    ],
    "title": [],
    "level": 0,
    "target": null
  },
  "see_also": [],
  "signature": {
    "__type": "SignatureNode",
    "__tag": 4029,
    "kind": "function",
    "parameters": [
      {
        "__type": "SigParam",
        "__tag": 4030,
        "name": "A",
        "annotation": {
          "__type": "Empty",
          "__tag": 4031
        },
        "kind": "POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD",
        "default": {
          "__type": "Empty",
          "__tag": 4031
        }
      },
      {
        "__type": "SigParam",
        "__tag": 4030,
        "name": "B",
        "annotation": {
          "__type": "Empty",
          "__tag": 4031
        },
        "kind": "POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD",
        "default": {
          "__type": "Empty",
          "__tag": 4031
        }
      },
      {
        "__type": "SigParam",
        "__tag": 4030,
        "name": "start",
        "annotation": {
          "__type": "Empty",
          "__tag": 4031
        },
        "kind": "POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD",
        "default": "None"
      },
      {
        "__type": "SigParam",
        "__tag": 4030,
        "name": "stop",
        "annotation": {
          "__type": "Empty",
          "__tag": 4031
        },
        "kind": "POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD",
        "default": "None"
      },
      {
        "__type": "SigParam",
        "__tag": 4030,
        "name": "num",
        "annotation": {
          "__type": "Empty",
          "__tag": 4031
        },
        "kind": "POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD",
        "default": "None"
      },
      {
        "__type": "SigParam",
        "__tag": 4030,
        "name": "endpoint",
        "annotation": {
          "__type": "Empty",
          "__tag": 4031
        },
        "kind": "POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD",
        "default": "None"
      },
      {
        "__type": "SigParam",
        "__tag": 4030,
        "name": "traceA",
        "annotation": {
          "__type": "Empty",
          "__tag": 4031
        },
        "kind": "POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD",
        "default": "None"
      }
    ],
    "return_annotation": {
      "__type": "Empty",
      "__tag": 4031
    },
    "target_name": "expm_multiply"
  },
  "references": [
    ".. [1] Awad H. Al-Mohy and Nicholas J. Higham (2011)",
    "       \"Computing the Action of the Matrix Exponential,",
    "       with an Application to Exponential Integrators.\"",
    "       SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing,",
    "       33 (2). pp. 488-511. ISSN 1064-8275",
    "       http://eprints.ma.man.ac.uk/1591/",
    "",
    ".. [2] Nicholas J. Higham and Awad H. Al-Mohy (2010)",
    "       \"Computing Matrix Functions.\"",
    "       Acta Numerica,",
    "       19. 159-208. ISSN 0962-4929",
    "       http://eprints.ma.man.ac.uk/1451/"
  ],
  "qa": "scipy.sparse.linalg._expm_multiply:expm_multiply",
  "arbitrary": [],
  "local_refs": [
    "A",
    "B",
    "endpoint",
    "expm_A_B",
    "num",
    "start",
    "stop",
    "traceA"
  ]
}