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bundles / scipy 1.17.1 / scipy / linalg / _decomp_svd / svd

function

scipy.linalg._decomp_svd:svd

source: /scipy/linalg/_decomp_svd.py :16

Signature

def   svd ( a ,  full_matrices = True ,  compute_uv = True ,  overwrite_a = False ,  check_finite = True ,  lapack_driver = gesdd )

Summary

Singular Value Decomposition.

Extended Summary

Factorizes the matrix a into two unitary matrices U and Vh, and a 1-D array s of singular values (real, non-negative) such that a == U @ S @ Vh, where S is a suitably shaped matrix of zeros with main diagonal s.

The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see linalg_batch for details. Note that calls with zero-size batches are unsupported and will raise a ValueError.

Parameters

a : (M, N) array_like

Matrix to decompose.

full_matrices : bool, optional

If True (default), U and Vh are of shape (M, M), (N, N). If False, the shapes are (M, K) and (K, N), where K = min(M, N).

compute_uv : bool, optional

Whether to compute also U and Vh in addition to s. Default is True.

overwrite_a : bool, optional

Whether to overwrite a; may improve performance. Default is False.

check_finite : bool, optional

Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs.

lapack_driver : {'gesdd', 'gesvd'}, optional

Whether to use the more efficient divide-and-conquer approach ('gesdd') or general rectangular approach ('gesvd') to compute the SVD. MATLAB and Octave use the 'gesvd' approach. Default is 'gesdd'.

Returns

U : ndarray

Unitary matrix having left singular vectors as columns. Of shape (M, M) or (M, K), depending on full_matrices.

s : ndarray

The singular values, sorted in non-increasing order. Of shape (K,), with K = min(M, N).

Vh : ndarray

Unitary matrix having right singular vectors as rows. Of shape (N, N) or (K, N) depending on full_matrices.

: For ``compute_uv=False``, only ``s`` is returned.

Raises

: LinAlgError

If SVD computation does not converge.

Examples

import numpy as np
from scipy import linalg
rng = np.random.default_rng()
m, n = 9, 6
a = rng.standard_normal((m, n)) + 1.j*rng.standard_normal((m, n))
U, s, Vh = linalg.svd(a)
U.shape,  s.shape, Vh.shape
✓
Reconstruct the original matrix from the decomposition: 
sigma = np.zeros((m, n))
for i in range(min(m, n)):
    sigma[i, i] = s[i]
a1 = np.dot(U, np.dot(sigma, Vh))
np.allclose(a, a1)
✓
Alternatively, use ``full_matrices=False`` (notice that the shape of ``U`` is then ``(m, n)`` instead of ``(m, m)``): 
U, s, Vh = linalg.svd(a, full_matrices=False)
U.shape, s.shape, Vh.shape
S = np.diag(s)
np.allclose(a, np.dot(U, np.dot(S, Vh)))
✓
s2 = linalg.svd(a, compute_uv=False)
np.allclose(s, s2)
✓

See also

diagsvd

Construct the Sigma matrix, given the vector s.

svdvals

Compute singular values of a matrix.

Aliases

  • scipy.linalg.svd

Referenced by

This package