`scipy.stats._multivariate:unitary_group_gen`

source: build-install/usr/lib/python3.14/site-packages/scipy/stats/_multivariate.py:4855

Signature

class unitary_group_gen(seed = None)

Members

Summary

A matrix-valued U(N) random variable.

Extended Summary

Return a random unitary matrix.

The dim keyword specifies the dimension N.

Parameters

dim : scalar: Dimension of matrices.
seed : {None, int, np.random.RandomState, np.random.Generator}, optional: Used for drawing random variates. If seed is None, the ~np.random.RandomState singleton is used. If seed is an int, a new RandomState instance is used, seeded with seed. If seed is already a RandomState or Generator instance, then that object is used. Default is None.

Methods

rvs(dim=None, size=1, random_state=None): Draw random samples from U(N).

Notes

This class is similar to ortho_group.

Examples

import numpy as np
from scipy.stats import unitary_group
x = unitary_group.rvs(3)

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np.dot(x, x.conj().T)

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array([[ 1.+0.j,  0.+0.j,  0.+0.j],
       [ 0.-0.j,  1.+0.j, -0.+0.j],
       [ 0.-0.j, -0.-0.j,  1.-0.j]])

This generates one random matrix from U(3). The dot product confirms that it is unitary up to machine precision. Alternatively, the object may be called (as a function) to fix the `dim` parameter, return a "frozen" unitary_group random variable:

rv = unitary_group(5)

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Aliases

scipy.stats._multivariate.unitary_group_gen